Indian refiners’ crude processing (throughput) fell by 0.2% month-on-month in January 2026, reaching 5.63 million barrels per day (bpd) or 23.81 million metric tons, marking a slight decrease after December throughput clocked in at 5.64 million bpd. India’s fuel consumption in January came in at 21.05 million metric tons, down from 21.71 million in December but was nearly 3% up compared to January 2025.
India relies on imports for over 80% of its crude supply, primarily sourcing from Russia, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and the United States. India’s energy strategy focuses on balancing discounted Russian oil with supplies from the Middle East and the US, while also expanding its list of import partners to ensure energy security. India is actively diversifying its crude sourcing away from Russia, significantly increasing imports from Nigeria and Angola amid intensified U.S. political pressure and tariff threats.
The Trump administration has also authorized India to resume direct purchases of Venezuelan oil, primarily as part of a strategy to reduce India’s reliance on Russian crude. The U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) issued a general license to Reliance Industries Ltd, India’s largest private refiner, allowing it to purchase, export and refine Venezuelan-origin oil directly, in the aftermath of the U.S. military capture of former Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro in January 2026, after which Washington took control of Venezuela’s oil sales. For Indian refiners, Venezuelan heavy crude is attractive because it is sold at a discount and is compatible with complex refining facilities such as Reliance’s Jamnagar complex.
India is projected to be the largest driver of global oil demand growth over the long-term. The country’s oil demand is expected to rise from roughly 5.6 million barrels per day (mb/d) in 2024 to over 6.6 mb/d by 2030 and potentially 13.7 mb/d by 2050, with India capturing nearly half of all additional global barrels produced.