Revenue from petroleum sector important for growth plans: Govt
The government has justified high level of taxation on auto fuels suggesting that revenue from petroleum sector is important for running various developmental schemes but has refused to acknowledge the role played by higher prices of petrol and diesel in fuelling inflationary pressure on the economy. Replying to a question on impact of rising fuel prices on country’s economic recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic in the Lok Sabha, minister of petroleum and natural gas Hardeep Singh Puri said that revenue generated by taxation (on petroleum products) is used in developmental schemes of the government like Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Ujjawala Yojana (PMUY), Ayushman Bharat, Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) and also to provide relief to the poor during the pandemic by schemes like Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) under which free ration was given to 80 crore beneficiaries during April, 2020 to November 2020 and May-June 2021, free vaccination against Covid-19 etc. He said over the past 7 years, length of National Highways has gone up by 50% from 91,287 km (as of April 2014) to 1,37,625 km (as on 20 March 2021). Highway construction per day spiked 3 times from 12 km/day in 2014-15 to 33.7 km/day in 2020-21. The minister said cess is used for infrastructure development and also generates employment. Regarding higher prices of fuel raising inflationary pressure on the economy, the minister in his reply said that the weightage of petrol, diesel and LPG in the WPI index is 1.6%, 3.1% and 0.6% indicating that petroleum products may not be responsible rising prices in other categories. Taxes both by the Centre and the states account for a lion’s share of current retail price of petrol and diesel.
OPINION: India joins trend to use strategic crude reserves to offset high oil prices, says Russell
India’s move to commercialise its strategic crude oil reserves is another sign that major Asian importers are taking steps to mitigate the high prices caused by the OPEC+ group’s output cuts. India, the second-biggest crude importer in Asia behind China, aims to commercialise half of its strategic petroleum reserve (SPR), Reuters reported on July 22 citing two government sources with knowledge of the plan. While the commercialisation of the SPR, currently home to about 36.5 million barrels of crude or about 5 million tonnes, is aimed at raising funds to build more storage tanks, it also allows refiners to access cheaper oil from storage when prices are high and buy it back when prices fall again. Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves Ltd, which oversees the SPR, will be allowed to sell 1 million tonnes of crude to local buyers, while private companies leasing storage will be allowed to re-export 1.5 million tonnes of oil if Indian firms don’t want it. Indian officials have expressed concern this year as crude prices rallied strongly amid moves by the producer group OPEC+ to cut as much as 7 million barrels per day (bpd) of output. Global benchmark Brent crude futures have surged 44 per cent this year, closing at $74.50 a barrel on Monday, not much below the high so far this year of $77.84 reached on July 7. For OPEC+, it may be a case of being careful what you wish for. Leading member Saudi Arabia had previously rejected India’s calls for output restrictions to be eased, instead telling New Delhi it should rather use up inventories bought cheaply last year when crude prices hit two-decade lows amid the coronavirus pandemic. India’s move to commercialise its SPR brings it into line with similar policies in Japan and South Korea, the third- and fourth-biggest crude buyers in Asia. CHINA USING INVENTORIES China doesn’t disclose details of the size or management practices of its SPR, but it appears the world’s biggest crude importer has dipped into stockpiles this year. An estimate of just how much can be made by deducting the total amount of crude available from imports and domestic output from the amount of crude processed by refineries. China’s refineries processed 15.13 million bpd in the first half of the year, while imports were 10.51 million bpd and domestic output was 4.01 million bpd. In short, they processed some 610,000 bpd more crude in the first half than was available from imports and domestic output. This is a reversal of the trend in recent years when China’s imports and domestic output have exceeded refinery throughput by large margins. The recent willingness of China, and now India, to use inventories to lower crude imports can be seen in data, with China’s crude imports down 3 per cent in the first half of 2021 compared to the same period a year earlier, while India’s imports dropped to the lowest in nine months in June. China’s imports are forecast by commodity analysts Kpler to stage a recovery in July, reaching 10.85 million bpd, which is up from June’s 9.77 million bpd and likely reflects the return of several refineries to operations after periods of maintenance. However, India’s imports are poised for a weak July, with Kpler estimating 3.66 million bpd will be landed, which will be the weakest outcome since September last year. If China and India become more pro-active in utilising their SPRs to ameliorate the impact of crude prices they deem to be too high, it will likely be a short-term bearish factor for oil. The question becomes how long can those countries, and others in Asia, sustain using inventories to offset imports, and what happens when they stop.
Big part of petroleum cess used for free vaccine, poor and various developmental schemes: Hardeep Puri
The government has justified high level of taxation on auto fuels suggesting that revenue from petroleum sector is important for running various developmental schemes but has refused to acknowledge the role played by higher prices of petrol and diesel in fuelling inflationary pressure on the economy. Replying to a question on impact of rising fuel prices on country’s economic recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic in the Lok Sabha, minister of petroleum and natural gas Hardeep Singh Puri said that revenue generated by taxation (on petroleum products) is used in various developmental schemes of the Government like Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Ujjawala Yojana (PMUY), Ayushman Bharat, Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) and also to provide relief to the poor during the pandemic by schemes like Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) under which free ration was provided to 80 crore beneficiaries during April, 2020 to November 2020 and May-June 2021, free vaccination against Covid-19 etc. He said that over the last 7 years, length of National Highways has gone up by 50 per cent from 91,287 km (as of April 2014) to 1,37,625 km (as on 20 March 2021). Highway construction per day in India increased almost 3 times from 12 km/day in 2014-15 to 33.7 km/day in 2020-21. So, the minister said cess is used for infrastructure development and also generates employment. Regarding higher prices of fuel raising inflationary pressure on the economy, the minister in his reply said that the weightage of petrol, diesel and LPG in the WPI index is 1.60 per cent, 3.10 per cent and 0.64 per cent indicating that petroleum products may not be responsible rising prices in other categories. Taxes both by the Centre and the States account for a lion’s share of current retail price of petrol and diesel. The Central Government levies Excise/Cess on Petrol of Rs 32.90/litre which includes Basic Excise Duty of Rs 1.40, Road & Infrastructure Development Cess of Rs 18, Agriculture and Infrastructure Development Cess of Rs 2.50 and Special Additional Excise Duty of Rs 11. The current Central Excise/Cess on Diesel is Rs 31.80 per litre which includes Basic Excise Duty of Rs 1.80, Road & Infrastructure Development Cess of Rs 18, Agriculture and Infrastructure Development Cess of Rs 4 and Special Additional Excise Duty of Rs 8. The total excise duty/cess incidence as percentage of retail selling on petrol and diesel is 32.4 per cent and 35.4 per cent respectively, as on July 16, 2021. Besides, the State Governments levy VAT on the total amount of base price & Central Taxes of petrol & diesel which vary from Rs 4.83 in Andaman & Nicobar Islands to Rs 29.55 in Maharashtra, Rs 29.88 in Rajasthan, Rs 31.55 in Madhya Pradesh for petrol and Rs 4.74 in Andaman & Nicobar Islands to Rs 21.82 in Rajasthan for diesel, as on July 22, 2021. The current retail price of petrol and diesel is hovering around Rs 101.54 a litre and Rs 89.87 a litre in Delhi. The retail prices have increased 41 times since May 1 this year taking up petrol prices by Rs 11.44 per litre in the national capital. Similarly, diesel price has increased by Rs 9.14 per litre in the national capital. Since April 2020, petrol prices have increased by Rs 32.25 per litre from Rs 69.59 a litre to Rs 101.84 a litre now in Delhi. Similarly, diesel prices during the period has increased by Rs 27.58 per litre from Rs 62.29 to Rs 89.87 a litre in the national capital. The minister in his reply also informed that after the country wide lockdown imposed on March 25, 2020, the consumption of petrol and diesel dropped to 20,068 TMT (thousand metric tonne) during April-June 2020 which was approximately 34 per cent less than the consumption of the same period (30,399 TMT) during previous year (2019). As the lockdown was progressively lifted and economic activities resumed, the consumption of petrol and diesel gradually increased, reaching 28,410 TMT during January-March, 2021, which was approximately 106 per cent of the consumption during the same period in 2019. Further, the consumption dropped with the restrictions imposed during the second wave of Covid-19 in April-May, 2021, only to pick up again. By July 21, 2021, the petrol sales in July were 118.65 per cent of the sales in the same time period in 2020, whereas they were 111.90 per cent of the July 2020 sales for diesel.